DNA repairis a fundamental cellular process that maintains genomic stability by identifying and correcting DNA damage caused by environmental factors or normal metabolic activities. These repair systems include mechanisms such as base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and double-strand break repair pathways like homologous recombination and non-homologous end joining.



Efficient DNA repair is essential for preventing mutation accumulation, which can lead to cancer and other diseases. Dysregulation of DNA repair pathways is therefore a key focus in oncology research and targeted therapy development.